DVB-T Introduction DVB-T

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full compatibility
with the existing
reception system
Limitation of the EM
radiation levels
DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution
High spectral
efficiency (SFN)
Fixed, portable and
mobile reception
Fixed reception
Portable reception
Mobile reception
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Future development thanks
to agreements with0
compatibility

More TV programs
Definition of 3 profiles with
different levels of interactivity
(local, on-line, web access)
DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution
Improvement of the
audio-video quality

The system is based on the powerful algorithm of audio-video compression
MPEG2 - MP@ML.

The COFDM solves the multipath problems typical of the earth channel.
DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution
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It was born to improve the MPEG1 performance and to obtain
quality levels like the PAL and NTSC standards up to HDTV

The MPEG2 allows the
definition of different quality
profiles and levels.
Each profile implements
more algorithms than the
previous one
Each MPEG 2
implementation must
comply with the Main
Profile at Main Level
(MP@ML)
Main Profile levels

The compression is based on the
reduction of 2 kinds of redundancy:

t-1 t Difference
to transmit

Pixel values are
predicted according
to the values of the
near pixels
Difference
to transmit
DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution

In presence of fast
moving objects or
camera motion, simple
frame difference is no
more efficient.
DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution

Objects and camera
motion must be
taken into account to
effectively predict
the new frame.

The coding and modulation choice for a transmission system
depends strictly on the characteristics of the RF channel.
Wide Band
Not linear
Low Power
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DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution
The &oded 2rthogonal )requency 'ivision 0ultiplexing
is the same coding used successfully in DAB system.
Limited Band
Not Linear
High Power
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Limited Band
Multipath
Low Power

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The digital signal has got a band of 6-8 MHz
and it can be distorted
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
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0
2
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-8
frequency [MHz]
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The earth channel used in
television transmission has a
variable frequency response
It can change irregularly also
between adjacent sub-bands

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
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0
2
-6
-8
frequency [MHz]
H(f) [dB]
Each carrier works in a very
small band where the frequency
response is ORFDOO\ IODW
In the COFDM the signal
spectrum is split in many
sub-bands:
Bn = BTOT / N
(where N is very large)

DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution
Each sub-band can be recovered using orthogonal carriers:
&2)'0
The mutual orthogonality is guaranteed by a frequency
distance between the carriers equal to the symbol speed 1/Tu
Power density spectrum
1/Tu Orthogonal carriers

The echoes resistance is also based on the guard interval Tg
inserted in the head of each OFDM symbol.
The guard interval is a
cyclic continuation of the
useful part of the symbol
7X
t 7X
t Tg 7X
t

Temporal and frequency representation of the COFDM symbols
DVB-T Introduction DVB-T Telor Solution
t
M
samples
Tg
Guard int.
N
samples
Tu
Useful part 1/fc
Ts = (M+N)(1/fc)
f
1/Tu
BW= Np * (1/Tu)
Np
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Moreover, the COFDM system uses a powerful correction
scheme of the errors due to the corrupted carriers
Error
dispersion
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of carriers

The digital signal is organized in frames of 68 OFDM symbols
Pilot carriers are inserted into the stream to obtain frames
synchronization, channel estimation and other services
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Time
Frequency

Symbol Frame
Super-frames

Carriers are modulated with M-QAM (M=4, 16, 64) Gray mapping

Internal
interlacer
Constellation
mapping
Frame
matching
Pilot
carriers
Front end D/A
Guard
interval
OFDM
IFFT
UHF
Antenna
LOW
Mux matching
and energy
dispersion
External
code
External
interlacing
Internal
code
HIGH PRIORITY
Mux matching
and energy
dispersion
External
code
External
interlacing
Internal
code
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MPEG-2
Coder AUDIO
Coder VIDEO
Coder DATA
mux Coder AUDIO
Coder VIDEO
DATA Coder
mux
TS
mux
AUDIO Coder
VIDEO Coder
DATA Coder
mux
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DVB-S
Standard

The DVB-T system has 2 different operative modalities:
• FFT on 2K carriers (MFN)
• FFT on 8K carriers (MFN - SFN)
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Active carriers
Data carriers
Useful duration of symbol
Carriers spacing 1/Tu
Bandwidth
=Tg/Tu
Guard interval Tg

Mbit/s < %LW 5DWH < Mbit/s
After fixing these parameters, the 2K and 8K
modalities offer the same transmission capacity
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Constellation
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Code rate
1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8
Tg length
1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32

Useful bitrate (Mbit/s) for all combinations of guard interval, constellation
and code rate for non-hierarchical systems for 6 MHz channels

Mbit/s < %LW 5DWH < Mbit/s
With the Taiwan DVB-T standard specification
SDTV about 6 Mbit/s NDTV about 4 Mbit/s
MPEG2 allows the
variable bit-rate
codification
Programs number
can increase without
quality loss
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Single DVB-T transmitter covering:
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Minimum medium values of e.m. field necessary to obtain a minimum reception
quality and a good quality for the 50% of the total time and on the 50% of places.
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DQWHQQD Acceptable reception
Good reception
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Good reception
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Good reception
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Focusing on the directive antenna, the DVB-T could limit
the power level of irradiation
The DVB-T
wants to reach
the portable TV So it’s necessary to
increase the power… ...The CEPT found a
compromise for the
first hybrid phase
with 65 dB V/m
(§ analogic)
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In the future it
could be reduced
of 8 dB
A loss exists due to the analogical
and digital channel interference
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Dimensioning of a SFN
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There are multipaths
due to the HDUWK
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7HORU is a design engineering and manufacturing company
operating in the field of Broadcasting and Communication
Systems. The range of products includes )0 6RXQG
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The people behind 7HORU have had a very long and in-depth
experience in this field and this is what that gives the highest
warranty for the manufacturing of the equipment produced.
7HORU products are technologically advanced thanks to the use
of latest generation components and to the continuous
research and development carried out in order to develop and
propose new projects.
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The key of 7HORU¶V strategy is the ability to combine our experience
with the requirement of today’s market to reach solution that is
optimal, designing equipment with high performance and simple to
use which adds value to customer services.
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Equipment installed and successfully operating in more than 30
countries all over the world is a testimony to the recognition that the
company has achieved. Telor has accumulated a wealth of
experience in the Broadcasting field with in-depth knowledge of the
market.
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Installation / Commissioning
Technical intervention
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Design upgrade & improvement of TV line
6KW FM transmitter on 1/33HE rack
1KW UHF TV transmitter
1KW and 2KW BAND III DAB transmitters
250W DVB-T/DTV transmitter
250W and 500W FM exciter

Restyling of FM line
(1+1) 4KW FM passive reserve system
1KW FM with 2 amplifier modules
10KW FM with 6 switching power supplies

2KW FM compact transmitter with 4 amplifier modules
LDMOS CLASS AB boards Î50W, 300W.
500W UHF TV transmitter
100W DVB-T/DTV transmitter

4KW FM transmitter on 12HE rack
2KW UHF TV transmitter
2KW FM transmitter on 4 units
30W FM stereo exciter on 1 unit
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Simply equipment to use
Reduced cost of maintenance
Easy to up-grade
Strong mechanical parts
High redundancy
High efficiency
Latest generation components
Remote control facilities which are supplied as standard
and free of charge
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An important result obtained by 7HORU is the realization of the
DVB-T line.
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It is possible to obtain up to : of
power in very compact dimensions.
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It is possible to control all the
operative parameters.
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Designed to meet the exact needs of
today’s DTTB market
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Complies with the VWDQGDUG (76
Provides the function of converting a compliant 03(*
7UDQVSRUW 6WUHDP LQWR D &2)'0 modulated signal.
Supports ERWK WKH . DQG . operating modes and
allows for either MFN or SFN operation.
Incorporates a ³VWDWH RI WKH DUW´ GLJLWDO 3UH &RUUHFWRU
which digitally optimizes transmitter performance,
increasing available output power of coverage area.
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Can generate a test signal useful in optimization phase of
the system
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Use KLJK HIILFLHQF\ A-B class LDMOS amplifiers.
Have Built-in switching power supplies.
Air cooled.
Self protected against over-drive, over-temperature
and over-ROS.
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Uses a IUHH +\SHU 7HUPLQDO SURJUDP installed in all PC
in Windows ambient.
The program permits to FKHFN DGMXVW DOO WKH RSHUDWLYH
SDUDPHWHUV by direct connection, via analog and/or
GSM modem like the *60 1RNLD &RPPXQLFDWRU.
It is possible to control XS WR HTXLSPHQW installed in
the same site.
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guarantee the best performances.
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